- Pituitary Microadenoma Presenting as Cluster-like Headache
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Dongwhane Lee, Dokyung Lee, Tae-Beom Ahn
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Published online December 31, 2014
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- 뇌하수체 미세선종을 동반한 군발유사두통 1례
- A Case of Paroxysmal Rhinorrhea after Lateral Medullary Infarction
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Soo Hyun Cho, Boo Suk Na, Soo Jin Song, Jong Min Song, Dokyung Lee, Eui Jong Kim, Key-Chung Park
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Published online December 31, 2014
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- 발작성 비루 증상이 발현된 외측 연수경색
- Intracranial Hypotension Developed after Lumbar Puncture in a Patient with Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
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Ho Geol Woo, Boo Suk Na, Soo Jin Song, Jong Min Song, Dokyung Lee, Tae-Beom Ahn
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Published online December 31, 2014
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- 면역치료로 호전된 재발통증성안근마비신경병증
- Preliminary Quantitative Electroencephalographic Evidence of Depression-Aligned Neurophysiological Patterns in Interictal Migraine: A Multi-Dataset Study
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Dokyung Lee
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Received May 20, 2026 Accepted June 17, 2026 Published online July 15, 2026
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.62087/hpr.2026.0022
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Abstract
- Purpose: This study aimed to examine whether interictal migraine shows neurophysiological patterns aligned with an external major depressive disorder (MDD) reference dataset, using quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) indices that are less sensitive to absolute amplifier gain.
Methods
Three datasets were analyzed: ds005385 (normative reference, n=608; age-matched subset, 45–70 years, n=309), TDBRAIN (MDD, n=120; insomnia, n=30; healthy controls, n=47), and 25 patients with interictal migraine (chronic migraine, n=7; episodic migraine, n=18; mean age, 60.0 years; female participants, n=17). Eight candidate qEEG indices were ranked by effect size in TDBRAIN. The aperiodic exponent and frontal-parietal low-beta asymmetry (FP_asym_LowBeta) showed the largest effects and were selected for analysis. Four arousal-state windows were evaluated: eyes-closed resting, hyperventilation, post-hyperventilation 120 seconds, and post-hyperventilation 300 seconds.
Results
In TDBRAIN, patients with MDD showed a reduced aperiodic exponent (Cohen’s d=–0.63, p=0.001) and elevated FP_asym_LowBeta (Cohen’s d=+0.83, p<0.001) compared with healthy controls. In patients with migraine, FP_asym_LowBeta was significantly elevated relative to the age-matched normative reference after false discovery rate correction during hyperventilation (p=0.015), post-hyperventilation 120 seconds (p=0.004), and post-hyperventilation 300 seconds (p=0.003); the eyes-closed resting window showed a nonsignificant trend (p=0.058). Chronic migraine showed a consistent but exploratory trend toward a lower aperiodic exponent (Cohen’s d=–0.95 to –1.12), although no comparison survived false discovery rate correction. A linear mixed-effects model showed no significant main effect of migraine subtype (p=0.084).
Conclusion
Elevated FP_asym_LowBeta during hyperventilation and post-hyperventilation windows, directionally similar to the pattern observed in the MDD reference dataset, and an exploratory trend toward a reduced aperiodic exponent in chronic migraine are preliminary findings that warrant validation in larger, age-matched, medication-controlled cohorts.
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